Vahid Reza Abdi دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران author Mansour Ahmadi Nadoushan مربی گروع علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس author Mohammad Ali Sahari استادیار گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس author text article 2001 per Some of vitamins and minerals in wheat, which exist in brain, are wasted in milling and do not enter into the flour. Whey is especially rich in lactose, minerals and calcium phosphate. This deficit in bread can be compensated by whey to some extend. Also whey can effectively postpone the staling of bread and improve the physicochemical properties of the bread. An attempt was made investigate the effect of whey on semivoluminous bread (Barbari). Barbari was chosen as the only semivoluminous bread in Iran. By adding whey at four levels of 20, 30, 40 and 50% of water generally needed to make paste, its effect was compared with the control sample (0%). All other conditions were similar. The treated samples were examined by the vicoelastography test in three successive days (1, 2 and 3 days). The compressibility, consistency and elasticity of final product were evaluated. The best compressibility and consistency was observed at 20% whey concentration. The best elasticity was obtained in control after three days, followed by 20% whey concentration. By adding whey, the time for secondary fermentation, the time for final fermentation as well as baking time were decreased by 27, 25 and 26%, respectively. Considerating the organoleptic properties and the panel test, the samples consisting of whey were better than control sample, from the view point of adherence of crust, flavour and odour. دانشگاه تهران 5524-1562 3 v. 1 no. 2001 1 8 https://joa.ut.ac.ir/article_12739_7547b32c338b9bf8f43c84117b8aeab4.pdf Ali Dehghani عضو هیات علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی استان خوزستان author Hassan Reza Etebarian استاد گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران author Azizollah Alizadeh استاد گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس author text article 2001 per The cultivars Green Mignonette and All year which are resistant and susceptible to Fusarium wilt, respectively were studied for histopathological aspect during the development of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucum. 15 days - old seedling was inoculated by root dip method in spore suspension of the pathogen with concentration about 5 X 106 spores/ml. Sampling was carried out at different times (3, 6, 10 and 20 days) after inoculation. After sectioning and holding of samples in fixative solutions and staining, preparations were studied by light microscope. The vascular system frequently exhibits a brown discoloration, vascular occlusion, tylose, and disintegration of the xylem parenchyma cells. After penetrating the young root tip of susceptible cultivar, the fungus progressed both inter and intracellulary throughout the cortex tissue and the vascular system. During this study, only vascular occlusion was observed in resistant cultivar Green Mignonett. دانشگاه تهران 5524-1562 3 v. 1 no. 2001 9 24 https://joa.ut.ac.ir/article_12740_f43845e4f1d30c6abc1fcd64c9a8e1e8.pdf Abdol Amir Mohiseni عضو هیات علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی استان لرستان، خرم آباد author text article 2001 per During 1997-1998, five different doses of emulsifiable mayonnaise oil (1 , 1.5 , 2 , 2.5 and 3 percents) and a control in three replications were tested against nymphal stages of olive psylla (EuphyUura olivina) in late April (a few days before blooming) in a complete randomized block design. Population densities of nymphal stages of pest were counted one day before and five days after oil application in randomly selected twigs. Number of live nymphs on twigs and mortality were calculated by Sun-Shepard formula. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences among five oil treatments (nymphal stages control percentage in Spring). Results showed that there was a significant difference between oil treatments and control (with 66.33% infection), but the differences among five oil treatments were not significant. Meanwhile, during two year study, no phytotoxicity occurred in all treatments. Therefore, the use of spring oil was recommended to control this pest. دانشگاه تهران 5524-1562 3 v. 1 no. 2001 25 33 https://joa.ut.ac.ir/article_12741_1adf3c0c64164d0300c932003439b728.pdf Masoud Arbabi استادیار، بخش تحققیقات جانورشناسی کشاورزی موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور author Mehdi Khosroshahi دانشیار بخش تحقیقات جانور شناسی کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات آفات و بیماری های گیاهی author Mohammad Reza Afshari کارشناس بخش آقت کش ها ، موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور author text article 2001 per Impact of sex pheromones, Stirrup-M as additive for acaricides effects were evaluated on PanonycJlllS lllmi in 1995-1997. Peroral (Azocyclotin), Amitraz (Mitac), Omite (Propargite), Neoron (Bromopropylate) and Citrazon (Benzoximate) were tested with and without pheromones and compared with untreated plots with four replications through randomized complete block design. Mortality percentage of each treatment was calculated by Henderson and Tilton method and data were subjected to analysis of variance. The control percentage which obtained for Peropal, Amitraz, Omite, Neoron and Citrazon were 58.31, 67.69 , 81.21, 82.18 and 83.52%, respectively, whereas, when those acaricides were mixed with Stirrup-M, the percentage of mortality of P. lllmi was increased to 70.04, 88.22, 83.76 and 87.76% in Peropal, Omite, Neoron and Citrazon respectively and in Amitraz treatment decreased to 66.41%. The higher and lower impact of pheromones were 11.73% in Peropal + pheromones and -1.28% for Amitraz + pheromones plots. The results of this study indicates that the effect of pheromones on mite generations established after miticides application was more on nymphal stages in comparison to adults mite pest. دانشگاه تهران 5524-1562 3 v. 1 no. 2001 35 42 https://joa.ut.ac.ir/article_12742_0463aefe66a2b8193365b88ef0bf8d94.pdf Mahmoud Mashal استادیار، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت author David J Ball استادیار، گروه عمران، دانشگاه منچستر، انگلستان author text article 2001 per Hydraulic performance in simple culverts, which have constant cross sectional shape and slope is known. The headwater level at the inlet to a culvert is determined by the position of the control point. In simple culverts, the control point is either at the inlet or outlet. In some countries, like England, in response to the needs of industrial and urban development, rivers and streams have been progressively roofed over or culverted, which have different slope and "cross - sectional shape. There are many factors which made the culverts complex and their hydraulic performance is not readily determinable. An experimental study of the hydraulic behavior in a culvert model which comprised of two consecutive barrels of different cross - sectional shape led to the conclusion that performance is influenced by such change of "section when it causes a movement of the control point position or changes of the point of" priming, which can be caused by some complexity features like change of section. This influence can not be easily predicted. Besides inlet and outlet control as in simple culverts, there may be another control inside the complex culverts. The flow can be quite complicated: some section may run full and other partially full; sections of gradually-varied flow may be separated by sections of rapidly varied flow; one or more hydraulic jump may occur. دانشگاه تهران 5524-1562 3 v. 1 no. 2001 43 52 https://joa.ut.ac.ir/article_12743_0559554e18b683eec02f40dd231ce39a.pdf Hossein Reza Kiani manesh مربی اداره کل پرورش و اصلاح نژاد طیور و زنبور عسل، وزارت جهاد کشاورزی author Ardeshir Nejati Javaremi استادیار، موسسه تحقیقات علوم دامی کشور، وزرات جها کشاورزی، تهران author Ghodtatollah Rahimi Mianji استادیار، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی ساری، دانشگاه مازندران، مازندران author text article 2001 per Using the available information from Mazandaran native fowl breeding center as well as studying costs and revenues of poultry, effective factors on profit and the parameters which required to design a model were studied. Sensitivity of the model to changes of each parameter in the model tested. The model of this study can be used in similar breeding plans in other provinces after minor changes in cost and income. Sensitivity of the model may be tested by varying the parameters in the accepted ranges. Using the estimated parameters, suitable economic values in different times can be estimated. The values of 3.36, 91.72, 52.07 and -74.1 were obtained respectively for 8 week-body weight, the number of eggs in first three months of production, egg weight and age at sexual maturity. دانشگاه تهران 5524-1562 3 v. 1 no. 2001 53 61 https://joa.ut.ac.ir/article_12744_bc099dfc7cd3b816465732b4c80a1ad7.pdf Gholam Abbas Akbari استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت author David Scarisbrick دانشیار دپارتمان کشاورزی، امپریال کالج وای، دانشگاه لندن، آشفورد author William T Peat دانشیار دپارتمان علوم بیولوژیف امپریال کالج وای، دانشگاه لندن، وای، آشفورد author text article 2001 per Two year field experiment was carried out on two early maturing varieties of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Men.) bred in Russia. The purpose was to investigate the possibility of production and to study the effects of nitrogen supply on soybean seed yield and yield components. A range of zero to 100 kg N ha in 1995 when plants suffered from water deficiency and zero to 100 kg N ha -1 in 1996 when plants received enough water, were applied. Nitrogen supply had significant effect on seed yields and stem, leaf, pod and seed weight per m2 as well as total dry matter. Yield production in the first year was significantly lower than in the second year because of water deficiency and lower dry matter. There were no differences for seed yields between varieties but, numbers of branches per plant and seeds per pod and 100-seed weight changed significantly for varieties and years. Protein contents in both year experiments changed positively with nitrogen supply, while oil contents decreased due to nitrogen applications. These factors also differed between years. Harvest index changed due to N-fertiliser application only the second year but it varied significantly between years. Pods and seeds distribution through the nodes along the main stem varied for varieties. دانشگاه تهران 5524-1562 3 v. 1 no. 2001 63 64 https://joa.ut.ac.ir/article_12745_0160ae613b6b008ffb8f7c2072fe80e3.pdf Micheal H Gordon استاد گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه ردینگ، ردینگ انگلستان author Parvin Zandi استاد گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی author text article 2001 per Methanolic extracts of five native species of Salvia from the Labiatae family were evaluated for antioxidant activity in low-erucic acid rapeseed oil using the Schaal oven test at 60°C, with deterioration monitored by determination of peroxide value, conjugated diene content and p-anisidine value. The activity of the Salvia extracts was compared with that of TBHQ, ascorbyl palmitate, and extracts from sage and rosemary. The antioxidant activity of Salvia atropatana Bunge, Salvia reuteriana Boiss, Salvia virgata jacq, and Salvia hydrangea DC ex Benth. was not satisfactory. However, Salvia verticil/ata L. proved to be a potent source of natural antioxidants. دانشگاه تهران 5524-1562 3 v. 1 no. 2001 61 62 https://joa.ut.ac.ir/article_12746_7e63be2271543b094610ca32e92ffea8.pdf